Abstract
The production of an adequate number of gametes is necessary for normal reproduction, for which the regulation of proliferation from early gonadal development to adulthood is key in both sexes. Cystic proliferation of germline stem cells is an especially important step prior to the beginning of meiosis; however, the molecular regulators of this proliferation remain elusive in vertebrates. Here, we report that ndrg1b is an important regulator of cystic proliferation in medaka. We generated mutants of ndrg1b that led to a disruption of cystic proliferation of germ cells. This loss of cystic proliferation was observed from embryogenic to adult stages, impacting the success of gamete production and reproductive parameters such as spawning and fertilization. Interestingly, the depletion of cystic proliferation also impacted male sexual behavior, with a decrease of mating vigor. These data illustrate why it is also necessary to consider gamete production capacity in order to analyze reproductive behavior.
Highlights
Cell division and differentiation are well-controlled processes for the development of a functional organ in multicellular organisms
Proliferation of embryonic germline stem cells (EGSCs, the name applied to primordial germ cells (PGCs) after they reach the gonadal primordium) gives rise to a cohort of germ cells that will form the primary population of germ cells in the gonads of both sexes (Tanaka, 2019)
At stage 39 and 10 dph, where female gonads have higher number of cysts compared to male gonads due to type II cystic division, the level of ndgr1b transcripts is higher in male than in female gonads (Figure 1E, F)
Summary
Cell division and differentiation are well-controlled processes for the development of a functional organ in multicellular organisms. Proliferation of embryonic germline stem cells (EGSCs, the name applied to PGCs after they reach the gonadal primordium) gives rise to a cohort of germ cells that will form the primary population of germ cells in the gonads of both sexes (Tanaka, 2019) This type of slow, intermittent division, called type I proliferation, is similar to the self-renewal of germline stem cells in the adult ovary or testis (Chen and Liu, 2015; Nakamura et al, 2010), and is responsible for ensuring the production of the correct number of germline stem cells that will initiate gametogenesis (Tanaka, 2019). The hyperproliferation of mitotically active germ cells in hotei medaka, a mutant fish for anti-Müllerian hormone receptor II (amhrII), induces
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