Abstract
Abstract A 51‐year‐old man is reported with cystic disease of the renal medulla ushered in by polyuria and weakness, followed by progressive uraemia with loss of salt and severe anaemia. The urine contained no protein and was sterile, and the sediment was normal. The specific gravity of the urine was less than 1.010. Necropsy revealed small, shrunken kidneys with medullary cysts ranging in size up to 5 mm in diameter.The diagnosis of cystic disease of the renal medulla as well as the difficulty in differentiating this disease from familial juvenile nephronophthisis is discussed. It is suggested that cystic disease of the renal medulla and familial juvenile nephronophthisis are probably the same disease, the former name being used for cases with gross cysts, the latter for those with known heredity.
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