Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are a family of inflammatory lipid mediators synthesized from arachidonic acid by a variety of cells, including mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and macrophages. This article reviews the data for the role of CysLTs as multi-functional mediators in allergic rhinitis (AR). We review the evidence that: (1) CysLTs are released from inflammatory cells that participate in AR, (2) receptors for CysLTs are located in nasal tissue, (3) CysLTs are increased in patients with AR and are released following allergen exposure, (4) administration of CysLTs reproduces the symptoms of AR, (5) CysLTs play roles in the maturation, as well as tissue recruitment, of inflammatory cells, and (6) a complex inter-regulation between CysLTs and a variety of other inflammatory mediators exists.
Highlights
Allergic rhinitis (AR), which affects approximately 20% of the population in industrialized countries, is associated with substantial morbidity, primarily in the context of reduced quality of life and productivity
Identified in the late 1970s [3], leukotrienes are a family of inflammatory lipid mediators synthesized from arachidonic acid by a variety of cells, including mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, and macrophages
We will review the evidence that: (1) Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are released from inflammatory cells that participate in AR, (2) receptors for CysLTs are located in nasal tissue, (3) CysLTs are increased in patients with AR and are released following allergen exposure, (4) CysLTs produce symptoms of AR, (5) CysLTs play a role in bone marrow production and tissue recruitment of inflammatory cells, and (6) there is a complex inter-regulation between CysLTs and a variety of other inflammatory mediators
Summary
Summary Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are a family of inflammatory lipid mediators synthesized from arachidonic acid by a variety of cells, including mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and macrophages. This article reviews the data for the role of CysLTs as multi-functional mediators in allergic rhinitis (AR). We review the evidence that: (1) CysLTs are released from inflammatory cells that participate in AR, (2) receptors for CysLTs are located in nasal tissue, (3) CysLTs are increased in patients with AR and are released following allergen exposure, (4) administration of CysLTs reproduces the symptoms of AR, (5) CysLTs play roles in the maturation, as well as tissue recruitment, of inflammatory cells, and (6) a complex interregulation between CysLTs and a variety of other inflammatory mediators exists. Cysteinyl leukotrienes, CysLT1 receptor, eosinophils, inflammation, leukotriene C4 synthase, 5-lipoxygenase Submitted 3 May 2005; revised 23 December 2005; accepted 27 January 2006
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