Abstract
Cymbopogon genus is a member of the family of Gramineae which are herbs known worldwide for their high essential oil content. They are widely distributed across all continents where they are used for various purposes. The commercial and medicinal uses of the various species of Cymbopogon are well documented. Ethnopharmacology evidence shows that they possess a wide array of properties that justifies their use for pest control, in cosmetics and as anti-inflammation agents. These plants may also hold promise as potent anti-tumor and chemopreventive drugs. The chemo-types from this genus have been used as biomarkers for their identification and classification. Pharmacological applications of Cymbopogon citratus are well exploited, though studies show that other species may also useful pharmaceutically. Hence this literature review intends to discuss these species and explore their potential economic importance.
Highlights
The presence of secondary metabolites in plants is characterized by their ability to provide defenses against biotic and abiotic stress [1]
C. citratus is ranked as one of the most widely distributed of the genus which is used in every part of the world
A literature search on the phytochemical screening of C. citratus reveals the presence of tannins, very little effort has been made in the isolation of these compounds despite the appreciable amounts reported through quantitative phytochemical tests
Summary
The presence of secondary metabolites in plants is characterized by their ability to provide defenses against biotic and abiotic stress [1]. Comprised of 144 species, this genus is famous for its high content of essential oils which have been used for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and perfumery applications [4]. The commercial value of some Cymbopogon species is further enhanced by their ability to grow in moderate and extremely harsh climatic conditions [6]. In environments where they are not used for cosmetics, drug or perfumery, such as in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, these plants have found a good application as roof thatches and grass brooms [7]
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