Abstract
This paper studies behaviours ofCymbopogon citratusleaf-extract and NaNO2, used as equal-mass admixture models, in 3.5% NaCl-immersed steel-reinforced concrete by nondestructive electrochemical methods and by compressive-strength improvement/reduction effects. Corrosion-rate, corrosion-current, and corrosion-potential constitute electrochemical test-techniques while compressive-strength effect investigations followed ASTM C29 and ASTM C33, in experiments using positive-controls for the electrochemical and compressive-strength studies. Analyses of the different electrochemical test-results mostly portrayed agreements on reinforcing-steel anticorrosion effects by the concentrations of natural plant and of chemical admixtures in the saline/marine simulating-environment and in the distilled H2O (electrochemical positive control) of steel-reinforced concrete immersions. These indicated that little amount (0.0833% cement for concrete-mixing) ofCymbopogon citratusleaf-extract was required for optimal inhibition efficiency,η= 99.35%, on reinforcing-steel corrosion, in the study. Results of compressive-strength change factor also indicated that the 0.0833%Cymbopogon citratusconcentration outperformed NaNO2admixture concentrations also in compressive-strength improvement effects on the NaCl-immersed steel-reinforced concrete. These established implications, from the study, on the suitability of the eco-friendlyCymbopogon citratusleaf-extract for replacing the also highly effective NaNO2inhibitor of steel-in-concrete corrosion in concrete designed for the saline/marine service-environment.
Highlights
Corrosion of reinforcing-steel by chloride ion ingress into concrete from saline or marine environments is a major degradation mechanism affecting steel-reinforced concrete durability [1,2,3,4]
The steel-reinforced concrete degradation ensues from rust byproduct of the embedded steel corrosion which is expansive within the concrete, causing hoop stress that leads to cracks, spalling, delamination, and loss of load-bearing integrity of the structural member [10,11,12,13,14]
The behaviours by equal-mass basis of C. citratus and NaNO2 on the corrosion of reinforcing-steel in concrete immersed in 3.5% NaCl, test-solution for saline/marine simulatingenvironment, has been studied in this paper
Summary
Corrosion of reinforcing-steel by chloride ion ingress into concrete from saline (via artificial deicing salt usage in temperate regions) or marine (via natural seawater from coastal areas) environments is a major degradation mechanism affecting steel-reinforced concrete durability [1,2,3,4]. The steel-reinforced concrete degradation ensues from rust byproduct of the embedded steel corrosion which is expansive within the concrete, causing hoop stress that leads to cracks, spalling, delamination, and loss of load-bearing integrity of the structural member [10,11,12,13,14] This could lead to insidious failure of the steel-reinforced concrete structure culminating in economic losses, especially, in the bid to avert catastrophic injury to life and property via costly repairs, International Journal of Corrosion rehabilitation, and maintenances of the corrosion-damaged structure [15, 16]. These engender interests globally from construction stakeholders, researchers, and governments on how corrosion-induced problems could be mitigated, and it is such that costly budgets are allocated in many countries to corrosion related issues alone [15, 17,18,19]
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