CYFRA 21-1, CEA, and selected inflammatory markers in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer

Abstract

Aim: Evaluation of diagnostic utility of CYFRA 21-1, CEA, C-reactive protein and cancer serum index (CSI) defined by the ratio of 1alpha acid glycoprotein to prealbumin, in respect of basic clinical parameters was performed in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer treated with bladder sparing approach including TRUB followed by radio(chemo)therapy, or TURB followed by palliative radiotherapy. Material and methods: Serum CYFRA 21-1, CEA, C-reactive protein, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, prealbumin and urine CYFRA 21-1, CEA levels were measured in 131 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer after TURB as well as in the healthy controls. Results: Serum and urine CYFRA 21-1, CEA and serum CRP, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein levels and CSI were significantly higher, with significantly lower serum prealbumin concentration in the bladder cancer group than in healthy controls. Correlations between concentration of tested markers and performance status, clinical stage of disease, presence of hydronephrosis, macroscopic TURB resection margin status and inflammatory state assessed by CRP and CSI were observed. Conclusion: Serum and urine CYFRA 21-1 levels can be useful in diagnosis of muscle invasive bladder cancer. Elevated levels of CRP and CSI confirm the role of inflamation in etiology of bladder cancer and these tests could be used as potential prognostic factors.