Abstract
The effects of longitudinal nonuniformity of a high-frequency field on the trajectory of electrons are studied. A linear theory is constructed that is valid for an arbitrary longitudinal distribution of a synchronous wave field. The linear and nonlinear regimes of cyclotron autoresonance masers (CARM) with two- and three-mirror resonators are studied in detail. The efficiency of a CARM with a two-mirror resonator, where the structure of the synchronous wave is near-Gaussian, has one-and-a-half times the efficiency of a CARM with a uniform wave structure.
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