Cyclosporine Toxicity and Toxicokinetics Profiles in Renal Transplant Recipients

Abstract

Background: Cyclosporine is the backbone of immunosuppression in kidney transplantation. However, it leads to multiple toxic effects, most of which are dose-dependent. In this respect, the quality of renal functions is undoubtedly linked to cyclosporine drug levels. Objective: To evaluate the association among cyclosporine trough-peak levels, dosage and its toxic effects. Methods and materials: In 102 kidney transplant recipients, serum cyclosporine trough-peak levels, serum creatinine, blood urea, blood urea and nitrogen, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase were measured periodically from the beginning of May, 2011 until the end of July, 2012. The relationships among previous laboratory parameters were detected in relation to the prevalence of toxic cyclosporine effects. Results: Consequently, the patients are with renal transplantations; concentrations of cyclosporine trough that can get lowered safely towards the range of 150-200 ng/ml, added by minimal toxic cyclosporine effects without increased risk for graft rejection. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed the detrimental toxic effects of high cyclosporine concentrations and the efficiency of low cyclosporine trough/peak levels in maintaining of an efficient immunosuppressive effect plus a minimal toxic cyclosporine effects and positive therapeutic outcomes in the renal transplant patients.