Abstract
Development of resistance to antimicrobial drugs is a global health concern not only for humans but also for animals. Rate of microbial resistance to antibiotics has alarmingly increased in last two decades. Factors responsible for this ever increasing antibiotic resistance are attributed to microorganisms as well as excessive and unwise use of antimicrobial drugs. Drug efflux pumps and biofilm formation are examples of microbial factors which contribute to antimicrobial resistance. It is dire need of hour to develop new antimicrobial drugs to ameliorate this condition. New antimicrobial agents with unique mode of action should be explored. In this regard, synthetic organic compounds are target of worldwide drug development studies which are being conducted for investigating new antimicrobial drugs. Cyclohexane and its functionally substituted derivatives are important compounds with diverse biological properties. These compounds can serve as probable alternatives to antibiotics with potential antimicrobial properties. This review summarizes the experimental evidences and studies exploring antimicrobial activities of cyclohexane and its functionally substituted derivatives as probable antimicrobial agents of future.
Highlights
Due to perpetual increasing resistance of microbes to antibiotics and shortage of new antimicrobial drugs, drug development studies are of supreme importance in the present time (Vnutskikh et al, 2006)
The aim of this study is to provide current developments and experimental evidences of antimicrobial potential of cyclohexane and its functionally substituted derivatives
The compound with t-butyl at para position of the benzene ring exhibited maximum antimycobacterial activity even better than ethambutol. It was concluded from time kill kinetics study that Mycobacterium tuberculosis was rapidly killed in four days (Kumar et al, 2013)
Summary
Due to perpetual increasing resistance of microbes to antibiotics and shortage of new antimicrobial drugs, drug development studies are of supreme importance in the present time (Vnutskikh et al, 2006). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a Gram-positive multidrug resistant pathogenic bacterium which causes infections in humans. It is responsible for huge economic losses by causing diseases in food animals and poultry (Iqbal et al, 2016). Multidrug resistant Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium which causes numerous diseases in humans, animals and poultry. Cyclohexane is a cycloalkane having molecular formula C6H12 as shown in figure 1 It is a volatile organic compound having melting point 6.47oC and boiling point 80.74oC. New chemical organic compounds with potential antimicrobial properties and unique mode of action which is not affected by bacterial resistance should be Figure 1 Structure of Cyclohexane (Campbell, 2011). These molecules block the transport of low molecular weight hydrophilic substances into bacterial cells (Lloyd et al, 1988)
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