Abstract
This paper presents the results of research into the cyclic oxidation of titanium Grade 2. The value of titanium Grade 2 oxidation activation energy was determined based on an analysis of the Arrhenius diagram. The result was 205.3 kJ/mol. After cyclic oxidation at a temperature of 600 °C, the presence of oxides in an acicular system was observed on the surface. The specimen surface after oxidation at 650 °C was characterised by the presence of fine oxide particles, while after oxidation at 700 °C, the obtained oxide layer was composed of large oxide particles. The layers obtained after oxidation at 600 °C had the lowest thickness (1.26 and 2.12 µm), while those obtained at 700 °C had the highest thickness (5.17 and 9.45 µm). Examination of the phase composition after cyclic oxidation showed that the oxide layers obtained at temperatures of 600, 650 and 700 °C were composed of TiO2 (rutile) only. No presence of other phases was found. The oxide layers formed in the cyclic oxidation process were characterised by different thicknesses, depending on the oxidation parameters. It was found that cyclic oxidation contributed to a considerable increase in the surface hardness of titanium Grade 2.
Highlights
Titanium and its alloys belong to a group of metallic materials widely used in industrial areas and in the biomedical sector
The results of the research presented in this paper focus on the process of cyclic oxidation of titanium Grade 2 in terms of achieving the best functional characteristics of the obtained oxide scales
The cyclic oxidation process allowed the formation on the surface of titanium Grade 2 of oxide scales of good quality, covering the whole surface and characterised by a homogeneous structure
Summary
Titanium and its alloys belong to a group of metallic materials widely used in industrial areas and in the biomedical sector Their wide application results from a good combination of mechanical properties, low density, excellent corrosion resistance and the best, compared to other metallic biomaterials, biocompatibility [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Due to their unique mechanical and physical properties, as well as their high corrosion resistance, titanium and its alloys can be found in engineering and biomedical applications They play an important role when the weight of the structure and its strength are decisive. Their usefulness in the biomedical industry is determined by their very good corrosion resistance in the tissue environment and the associated best among metallic materials biocompatibility [14,15,16,17]
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