Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide-regulated cation channels comprise two principal subfamilies, the cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels and the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels. CNG channels play a key role in sensory transduction of photoreceptors and olfactory receptor neurons. HCN channels contribute to the generation and regulation of heart rhythm (‘pacemaker channels’) and are involved in various neuronal functions, including determination of resting membrane potential, dendritic integration, and synaptic transmission. Mouse knockout models have been generated and human CNG and HCN channelopathies have been analyzed to define the role of individual members of the CNG and HCN channel families in vivo. We review insights into the physiological and pathophysiological role of CNG and HCN channel proteins that have emerged from genetic studies.
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