Cyclea barbata Miers Ethanol Extract and Coclaurine Induce Estrogen Receptor α in the Development of Follicle Pre-ovulation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Menstrual disorders to women are generally caused by the disturbance of estrogen production level. This can cause problems in the female reproductive organs. Herbal medications at this moment are demanding to prevent the risk of chemical substances, one of them is grass jelly leaves (Cyclea barbata) which has the potency to induce estrogen levels to women and some people use it to overcome fertility problems. One of the active compounds content is coclaurine.
 AIM: The study aimed to know the main compound leaves of C. barbata which has an important role in estrogen induction, protein target, and pathway through to activate estrogen production.
 METHODS: There are 18 active compounds from C. barbata gained from database and had been confirmed the presence of coclaurine compound used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Then, it predicted that the potency of molecular interaction between active compounds of ESRα had been done by the molecular docking and in vitro approach.
 RESULTS: Coclaurine has the highest binding affinity to activate ESRα. Even though the network analysis prediction did not show the direct interaction, we predict the coclaurine might first interact with other steroid proteins showing by Cytoscape analysis. In vitro results showing the maximum dosage of C. barbata extract is in 100 ppm, while coclaurine dosage is optimum at 100 and 200 μM/L to induce the maturation of oocytes.
 CONCLUSION: Coclaurine compounds give stimulation of hormonal induction through several proteins such as SRC, ADRB2, and ADRB3 which involve CYP1A1 and CYP19A1, then activate estrone and estradiol to help the increase of estrogen. C. barbata ethanol extracts and coclaurine had been proved having ability to enhance development follicles pre-ovulation.