Cybersecurity in Digital Transformation

Abstract

Digital transformation is a global phenomenon, capturing the attention in every industry and spurring major investment. However, digital transformation is not a single objective; it is a multifaceted approach depending on the goals of the respective industry and digital maturity. Thus, digital transformation is the way of change from a monolithic business approach to fully digitized business concepts. Therefore, Chap. 1 introduces us to relevant definitions on digital transformation and their main technological background. One major concern in digital transformation is the confluence of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Analytics, Blockchain, Cloud Computing and Services, Internet of Things and Industrial Internet of Things, and others. In this regard, Cloud Computing and Services achieve a new generation of Artificial Intelligence, applied in an increasing number of industrial applications with unprecedented results. Besides this, the Internet of Things connects industrial devices and entities within industrial value chains and infrastructure, however, generating terabytes of data every day, which requires Big Data and Analytics to deal with them. Therefore, the digital transformation has a huge impact on industrial control systems and processes, as well as on the Key Performance Indicator (KPI). Moreover, emerging technologies also will have a huge impact on the realization of circular economy in the industrial sectors, a paradigm in today’s digital transformation in industrial, public, and private discussion to reduce the greenhouse effect. Against this background, digital transformation has received a great attention in all industrial, public, and private organizations, which will be fundamentally changing operational business approaches in all sectors. Hence, the transformation of organizations through digitization and emerging technologies can be referred to as a technological wave, such as the third and now the fourth industrial transformation. In this context, the fourth industrial transformation optimizes computerization of the third through digitization, wireless infrastructure networks, intelligent algorithms, and others, which today is known as digital transformation paradigm. Thus, digitization and technologies in digital transformation create, and consequently change, market offerings, business processes, or business models, which result from the use of both. However, the intrinsic complexity of digital transformation also makes cybersecurity awareness a sine qua non. Cybersecurity deals with the presence of cyber attackers with their cybercriminal attack repertoire. Cybercrime causes $ 100 billion and more in damage annually, which means cybercriminal attack prevention has a clear need to address it. However, cybersecurity spans many areas, including, but not limited to, data security, information security, operational security, and others. Moreover, cybersecurity is fundamental to both protecting secret data and information and enabling their defense. Therefore, cybersecurity is understood as a body of knowledge with regard to technologies, processes, and practices designed to protect computer systems, networks, infrastructure resources, and others, from cyber-criminal attacks, damage, manipulation, or unauthorized access. In this context, Chap. 1 introduce in Sect. 1.1 into the manifold aspects of digital transformation with their great impact on industrial, public, and private organizations development, enhancing their business success. Section 1.2 focusses on emerging technologies required and used in digital transformation, presented in twenty Subsections. Against this background, Section 1.3 discusses the challenges of digital transformation in industrial businesses, while Sect. 1.4 introduces applications in digital transformation. Section 1.5 answers the question how to become a leader in digital transformation. Section 1.6 introduces the topic cybersecurity, taking into account knowledge about the interaction of digitization and emerging technologies to gain knowledge about cybersecurity risks through threat event attacks. In this sense, Section 1.6 also focusses on the CIA Triad and the actionable knowledge in cybersecurity that is still paramount. Finally, Section 1.7 describes the challenges of digital transformation to build up a circular economy. Section 1.8 contains comprehensive questions from the topics digital transformation, cybersecurity, and circular economy, followed by references for further reading section.