Abstract
Water supply systems are dynamic in nature, owing to the effect of climate change and consumer demand uncertainties. The operation of such a system must be managed effectively to meet up with the uncertainties, thus posing a key challenge. Unfortunately, previous information and communication technology (ICT) solutions could not provide the necessary support for applications to deal with the dynamics of the changing physical environment. Nevertheless, tremendous growth in technology offers better possibilities to enhance water supply systems’ operations. As a result, development in technology in sensing and instrumentation, communication and networking, computing and control is now jointly integrated with water supply system infrastructures to enhance the water system operations. One such technological paradigm shift is the cyber-physical system (CPS). In this paper, we present the concept of the CPS in the water system context and investigate the CPS applications to water supply system monitoring. Also, the various applications of CPSs and the application domain requirements are outlined. More importantly, research studies on its application to water system monitoring are scrutinized. As such, key challenges sounding the applications in WSSs are identified. We then outline the areas of improvement for further studies.
Highlights
In contemporary society, the need for potable water is constantly growing
The significant increase in intelligent devices, sensor and actuator networks, as well as computing power has resulted in swift development of systems with control and monitoring capabilities
One of these systems that have captivated the attention of researchers in recent years is the cyber-physical system (CPS)
Summary
The need for potable water is constantly growing. the accessibility of water is negatively influenced due to a disruption in the water cycle caused by climate change [1]. Development in technology in sensing and instrumentation, communication and networking, and computing and control is jointly integrated with water supply system infrastructures to enhance the water system operations. Such a system may be regarded as a cyber-physical water system (CPWS). The existing body of knowledge has focused on the framework, system design, modelling, and technology implementation of CPSs [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26] These papers are very useful, they only offer very limited information in the water supply system management perspective.
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