Cyber-physical system for assessing the impact of wind farms on environmental elements

Abstract

The article assesses the impact of wind power plants on the components of the environment, which are compartments of complex landscape systems, taking into account a number of their parameters. A list of impact categories has been made up, which represent the load on the environment; also, for each category, the relative contribution of harmful factors has been identified, taking into account possible scenarios for waste management. For all potential impacts, using the Eco-indicator methodology, ecological profiles have been built, which made it possible to obtain the values of ecological indexes (impacts) and eco-indicators, expressed in eco-points, characterizing the impact of the wind power plant under study.
 Mathematical modeling of the processes of influence of a separate wind power plant on the subsystems and layers of compartments was carried out, according to the results of which a system of differential equations has been obtained, the input data for which are individual indexes and eco-indicators, as well as statistical information on the functioning of the elements of the hierarchical structure of compartments of a complex landscape system. The structure graphs are formalized using the Kolmogorov system of differential equations. It is proposed to study the dynamics of the structure on the basis of solving a system of differential equations using the fourth-order numerical Runge – Kutta method.
 By solving the system of equations, it is possible to study (predict) the developmental stages of a complex landscape system in dynamic and stationary modes during the impact of the life cycle of wind turbines on the subsystems and layers of their compartments, in order to optimize human activities to ensure minimal environmental impact.
 It is proposed to use the presented algorithms as a mathematical support for a cyber-physical system for studying the states of complex landscape systems and assessing the impact of wind turbines on environmental components.
 
 Keywords: cyber-physical system; renewable energy sources; complex landscape system; life cycle, ecosystem states; eco-points