Abstract
With increasing installations of grid-connected power electronic converters in the distribution network, there is a new trend of using distributed control in a cyber layer to coordinate the operations of these power converters for improving power system stability. However, cyber-attacks remain a threat to such distributed control. This paper addresses the cyber-attack detection and a countermeasure of distributed electric springs (ESs) that have emerged as a fast demand-response technology. A fully distributed model-based architecture for cyber-attack detection in the communication network is developed. Based on a dynamic model of ES with consensus control, a local state estimator is proposed and practically implemented to monitor the system. The estimator is fully distributed because only local and neighboring information is necessary. A countermeasure for the distributed ESs to ride through the cyber-attack and maintain regulatory services in a microgrid is demonstrated successfully. Experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed cyber-attack detection method and its ride-through capability.
Highlights
Power-electronics-intensive microgrid is an efficient way to achieve high-performance power distribution with increasing penetration of renewable power [1]
High-frequency power electronics offers a bottom-up approach to smart grid technology
A practical evaluation of this distributed detection architecture is presented with experimental results
Summary
Power-electronics-intensive microgrid is an efficient way to achieve high-performance power distribution with increasing penetration of renewable power [1]. Recent research shows that ES is a power-electronic unit that could have the triple functions of being grid-forming (for regulating mains voltage and frequency [4]), grid-feeding (for feeding solar energy into the grid [5]) and grid-supporting Due to the limited communication ability in such a distributed control framework, good cyber-attack detection methods should rely only on the local information and data provided by neighbors. Reference [18] uses the consensus algorithm features to find the attacked device and proposes a resilient cooperative control for DC microgrid [18] This detection method is effective when less than half of the devices are attacked. The main contributions of this paper include (i) the design and practical evaluation of a fully distributed modelbased detection architecture against cyber-attacks in the communication network between subsystems which are physically interconnected and regulated by a distributed consensus protocol, and (ii) a countermeasure to maintain normal services of a group of distributed ESs under cyberattack
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