Abstract
BackgroundCyanobacteria are common components of phytoplankton communities in most freshwater ecosystems. Proliferations of cyanobacteria are often caused by high nutrient loading, and as such can serve as indicators of declining water quality. Massive industrialization in developing countries, like India, has polluted fresh water bodies, including wetlands. Many industries directly discard their effluents to nearby water sources without treatment. In the Sambalpur District of India effluents reach the reservoir of the worlds largest earthen dam i.e Hirakud Dam. This study examines cyanobacteria communities in the wetlands of Sambalpur District, Odisha, India, including areas subjected to industrial pollution.Result & DiscussionThe genera Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Chroococcus, Phormidium were dominant genera of polluted wetlands of Sambalpur districts. A positive correlation was found between total cyanobacterial species and dissolved oxygen levels, but cyanobacterial diversity was inversely related to BOD, COD, TSS, and TDS. High dissolved oxygen content was also associated with regions of lower cyanobacteria biomass.ConclusionCyanobacterial abundance was positively correlated to content of oxidisable organic matter, but negatively correlated to species diversity. Lower dissolved oxygen was correlated to decreased diversity and increased dominance by Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Chroococcus, Phormidium species, observed in regions characterized by deteriorated water quality.
Highlights
Cyanobacteria are common components of phytoplankton communities in most freshwater ecosystems
During the present investigation water samples were collected from 10 sites in wetland and stagnant water bodies associated with different industrial applications
The physicochemical properties of water of all site are described in Table 1 including pH, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved dolids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Table 1 Physiochemical properties of water at different location
Summary
Cyanobacteria are common components of phytoplankton communities in most freshwater ecosystems. Massive industrialization in developing countries, like India, has polluted fresh water bodies, including wetlands. In the Sambalpur District of India effluents reach the reservoir of the worlds largest earthen dam i.e Hirakud Dam. This study examines cyanobacteria communities in the wetlands of Sambalpur District, Odisha, India, including areas subjected to industrial pollution. Many wetlands are subjected to urban and industrial pollution which disturb the aquatic ecosystem. Sambalpur is one of the main cultural and business centres of Odisha, India. It lies between 20°30′22°30′N latitude and 83°E-85°1′longitudes with a total geographical area of 6,698 km Figure 1. Sambalpur contains various freshwater ecosystem types, including lakes, reservoirs, ponds and wetlands. Cyanobacteria have been shown to be key primary producers at the base of the food web of many of these types of systems, i.e. freshwater
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