Abstract
Aronia melamocarpa (AM) is a rich source of anthocyanins, which are known to help prevent obesity. The cyanidine-3-O-galactoside enriched AM extract (AM-Ex) containing more cyanidine-3-O-galactoside than conventional AM extract was recently developed. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of AM-Ex on adipogenesis and its action mechanisms in vitro using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To examine the anti-obesity effect of AM-Ex, 3T3-L1 cells were induced adipocyte differentiation and incubated with various concentration of AM-Ex. Lipid accumulation, cellular triglyceride content, mRNA expression of transcription factors and adipogenic genes were analyzed. Treatment with 100 - 400 μg/mL of AM-Ex resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in adipocyte differentiation and triglyceride accumulation. mRNA expression of adipogenic transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 were decreased. The level of gene expression of adipogenesis and lipogenesis-related genes, such as adipocyte protein 2, lipoprotein lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ATP-citrate lyase and fatty acid synthase were decreased. These results suggest that AM-Ex alleviated risk factors related to obesity by modulating multiple pathways associated with adipogenesis.
Highlights
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide and has become a major global health problem
The level of gene expression of adipogenesis and lipogenesis-related genes, such as adipocyte protein 2, lipoprotein lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ATP-citrate lyase and fatty acid synthase were decreased. These results suggest that Aronia melamocarpa (AM)-Ex alleviated risk factors related to obesity by modulating multiple pathways associated with adipogenesis
We investigated the effect of AM extract (AM-Ex) on adipogenesis and its action mechanisms in vitro using 3T3-L1 adipocytes in order to elucidte the anti-obesity of AM-Ex
Summary
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide and has become a major global health problem. It is important to control obesity to prevent various chronic diseases and improve health. Various drugs have been developed and applied to treat obesity through regulating appetite and controlling fat absorption and oxidation. These anti-obesity drugs have been reported to cause negative side effects and rebound weight gain when the medication was ceased [3] [4]. Explored substances which may potentially cure and prevent obesity include numerous foods and plant-derived bioactive compounds, such as catechin [5] [6] and hydroxycitric acid [7] [8]
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