Abstract
Protection against the lethal effects of cyanide can be elicited by administration of cobaltous chloride, either alone or in combination with sodium nitrite and/or sodium thiosulfate. Potency ratios derived from the LD50 values were compared in groups of mice premedicated with cobaltous chloride and/or sodium thiosulfate and/or sodium nitrite. Under the conditions of our experiment cobaltous chloride alone is slightly more effective than sodium nitrite; when it is combined with sodium nitrite, an additive effect is obtained. When cobaltous chloride is administered in combination with sodium thiosulfate, a dramatic antagonism of the lethal effects of potassium cyanide is observed. The synergistic antidotal effect of cobaltous chloride may be related to the physiological disposition of the cobaltous ion and its ability to chelate both cyanide and thiocyanate ions.
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