Abstract
CXXC5 is a member of the CXXC‐type zinc‐finger protein family. Proteins in this family play a pivotal role in epigenetic regulation by binding to unmethylated CpG islands in gene promoters through their characteristic CXXC domain. CXXC5 is a short protein (322 amino acids in length) that does not have any catalytic domain, but is able to bind to DNA and act as a transcription factor and epigenetic factor through protein‐protein interactions. Intriguingly, increasing evidence indicates that expression of the CXXC5 gene is controlled by multiple signaling pathways and a variety of transcription factors, positioning CXXC5 as an important signal integrator. In addition, CXXC5 is capable of regulating various signal transduction processes, including the TGF‐β, Wnt and ATM‐p53 pathways, thereby acting as a novel and crucial signaling coordinator. CXXC5 plays an important role in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In keeping with these functions, aberrant expression or altered activity of CXXC5 has been shown to be involved in several human diseases including tumourigenesis. This review summarizes the current understanding of CXXC5 as a transcription factor and signaling regulator and coordinator.
Highlights
CXXC5, known as retinoid‐inducible nuclear factor, is a member of the CXXC‐type zinc‐finger protein family
The CXXC5 protein is implicated in regulating and coordinating multiple signaling pathways including those initiated by transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β), bone and morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), Wnt, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/p53 and others.[8,10,11,12]
We found that overexpression of the CXXC5 protein in both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and normal hepatocyte cell lines promotes TGF‐β‐induced luciferase reporter expression, while knockdown of CXXC5 gene ameliorates it
Summary
CXXC5, known as retinoid‐inducible nuclear factor, is a member of the CXXC‐type zinc‐finger protein family.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
