Abstract
BackgroundChemokines play a critical role in orchestrating the distribution and trafficking of neutrophils in homeostasis and disease.ResultsThe CXCR4/CXCL12 chemokine axis has been identified as a central regulator of these processes.ConclusionIn this review, we focus on the role of CXCR4/CXCL12 chemokine axis in regulating neutrophil release from the bone marrow and the trafficking of senescent neutrophils back to the bone marrow for clearance under homeostasis and disease. We also discuss the role of CXCR4 in fine‐tuning neutrophil responses in the context of inflammation.
Highlights
Chemokines play a critical role in orchestrating the distribution and trafficking of neutrophils in homeostasis and disease
CXCL12 was first identified as a chemoattractant for lymphocytes produced by cultures of bone marrow stromal cells— its original name, stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1).[1]
CXCR4 expressed by lymphocytes was shown to play a critical role in their trafficking under homoeostatic conditions, but of potentially important therapeutic relevance, CXCR4 was identified as one of the chemokine receptors hijacked by HIV for entry into lymphocytes.[5]
Summary
Eur J Clin Invest. 2018;48(Suppl. 2):e12949. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/eci | 1 of 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12949 administration.[6] This was the first link between CXCL12 levels in the bone marrow and neutrophil numbers in the blood; however, it was unclear what the mechanistic link was, as in the original studies it was reported that neutrophils did not migrate in response to CXCL12.1
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