Abstract
Abstract We present the discovery of an extremely cold, nearby brown dwarf in the solar neighborhood, found in the CatWISE catalog. Photometric follow-up with Spitzer reveals that the object, CWISEP J193518.59–154620.3, has ch1–ch2 = 3.24 ± 0.31 mag, making it one of the reddest brown dwarfs known. Using the Spitzer photometry and the polynomial relations from Kirkpatrick et al. we estimate an effective temperature in the ∼270–360 K range, and a distance estimate in the 5.6–10.9 pc range. We combined the WISE, NEOWISE, and Spitzer data to measure a proper motion of mas yr−1, μ δ = −50 ± 97 mas yr−1, which implies a relatively low tangential velocity in the range 7–22 km s−1.
Highlights
The census of objects in the solar neighborhood has been growing steadily in recent years (Henry et al 2018)
Photometric follow-up with Spitzer reveals that the object, CWISEP J193518.59–154620.3, has ch1–ch2 = 3.24±0.31 mag, making it one of the reddest brown dwarfs known
Kirkpatrick et al (2019) found that the completeness limit for the T and Y dwarfs sample steeply declines as a function of effective temperature (Teff ), from 19 pc in the 900– 1050 K interval, down to 8 pc in the 300–450 K interval
Summary
The census of objects in the solar neighborhood has been growing steadily in recent years (Henry et al 2018). WISE J0855–0714 is relatively bright in W 2 (13.89±0.05 mag, Luhman 2014), and so, despite the “statistics of one”, Wright et al (2014) estimated the 68% confidence range for the number of “0855-like” objects in the existing AllWISE dataset to be 4–35, with a median of 15. Finding more of these hidden solar neighbors is one of the goals of CatWISE, a NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADAP) funded project combining data from the 2010 to 2016 phases of the WISE mission, to generate an all-sky photometric and astrometric catalog (Eisenhardt et al, in prep.).
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