Abstract
Memory T cells are endowed with multiple functional features that enable them to be more protective than naive T cells against infectious threats. It is not known if memory cells have a higher synapse propensity (SP; i.e., increased probability to form immature immunological synapses that then provide an entry into different modes of durable interaction with APCs). In this study, we show that only human memory CD8 T cells have remarkably high SP compared with naive counterparts. Such a dichotomy between naive and memory cells is not observed within the human CD4 or murine CD8 T cell population. Higher SP in human memory CD8 T cells allows them to outcompete and prevent naive CD8 T cells from getting recruited to the response. This observation has implications for original antigenic sin and aging of the immune system in humans.
Highlights
Memory T cells are endowed with multiple functional features that enable them to be more protective than naive T cells against infectious threats
Because immature immunological synapse (IS) represents a transient phase committed to durable interaction, we relied on identifying cells that have formed IS or immunological kinapse (IK) after a period of interaction with ligands on bilayers
CD8+ hTm cells, uniquely, have higher synapse propensity (SP) compared with the naive counterparts in our experimental settings (Figs. 1, 2)
Summary
Memory T cells are endowed with multiple functional features that enable them to be more protective than naive T cells against infectious threats It is not known if memory cells have a higher synapse propensity (SP; i.e., increased probability to form immature immunological synapses that provide an entry into different modes of durable interaction with APCs). Memory T cells exhibit functional avidity maturation that enables them to produce more cytokines, and sometimes undergo more clonal expansion, than naive cells at lower doses of Ag [1, 2] They produce cytokines more quickly in response to Ag [3], have reduced requirements for costimulation [4], and show multifunctionality typically absent in freshly primed T cells [5]. We find that higher SP of CD8+ hTm cells gives them a competitive advantage at the expense of naive T cells
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