Abstract
Cuticular hydrocarbons of adult yellowheaded spruce sawflies, Pikonema alaskensis (Rohwer) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) were analyzed. Saturated hydrocarbons in males and females included n- alkanes and 2-methyl-, 3-methyl- and internally branched methylalkanes. The most abundant hydrocarbons were unsaturated: (Z)-9-pentacosene in males and (Z)-9-heptacosene in females. Additional (Z)-9-alkenes, traces of 6-, 7-, 8- and 10-alkenes, (Z,Z)-6,9-alkadienes and traces of alkatrienes were also found in both sexes. Pheromonally active (Z,Z)-9,19-alkadienes amounted to approx. 10% of the hydrocarbons in females but only to a maximum of approx. 0.1% in males. The amount of these dienes per female increased from 10.2 μg at 0–0.5 days old to 25.0 μg at 5–5.5 days old. These dienes were located on wings, legs, heads, thoraces and abdomens. They were also identified in field-collected mated females. The amount of (Z,Z)-9,19-dienes as a percentage of total hydrocarbons remained relatively constant with respect to age, location on body or occurrence of mating.
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