Abstract
<p>Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a neoplasm composed of myeloid blasts occurring outside the bone marrow, most often found simultaneously, or after a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. Very rarely, de novo MS has been diagnosed in patients with a prior history of non-hematolymphoid neoplasms treated with systemic chemotherapy. We report a case of a MS in a 43-year-old woman, 6 months after the diagnosis of a HER2+ breast carcinoma, treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs could have played a pathogenic role in the development of MS in this patient. The exceeding rarity of such cases does make further and broader studies fundamental, in order to clarify if and which chemotherapy drugs may be the cause of MS.</p>
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