Abstract
In order to set up a program for fighting against leishmaniasis disease, it was considered useful beforehand to demonstrate Leishmanian risk factors to the CL disease cases. The Province of Sefrou is among the endemic areas. Surveillance of these outbreaks is essential. This work focused on studying the impact risk factors on the distribution of CL cases. This is a retrospective study of CL cases registered during five years (2007-2010). Statistical analysis was based on one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then the correlation study was carried out (Pearson correlation). A significant linear association was found between the number of CL cases and the population(r=0.56; p=0.005). This means that the correlation is positive. For the urbanization factor, the association was marked moderately correlated with number of CL cases (r = 0.44; p = 0.037).However, poverty does not influence this distribution; for our study area, this factor is not a risk factor.
Highlights
Leishmaniasis is meant to be a neglected infectious disease though it is considered one of the most common infections among the 2.7 million people living below the poverty eve [1]
20 species of the genus Leishmania evolving in specific host-parasite systems are pathogenic to humans
A number of hundred fifteen cases were recorded with a predominance at the level of the commune of Tazouta with 15.57% (38 Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) cases) percent of CL cases and Ahl Sidi Lahcen with10.65% (26 CL cases) (Fig. 2)
Summary
Leishmaniasis is meant to be a neglected infectious disease though it is considered one of the most common infections among the 2.7 million people living below the poverty eve [1]. They are caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, transmitted by the bite of a vector insect, the sandfly [2]. 20 species of the genus Leishmania evolving in specific host-parasite systems are pathogenic to humans They have a significant impact on human health because of the severity of some of their clinical forms, their frequency, and because they affect vulnerable populations. About 350 million people are exposed to leishmaniasis in more than 90 countries in which around 1.5 to 2 million new cases are reported annually [2]
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