Abstract
BackgroundLichen planus (LP) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the oral mucosa as well as the skin, genital mucosa and other sites. Objective: to evaluate the correlation between oral, genital and cutaneous lichen planus, in a sample of LP patients.Material and MethodsThis descriptive study reviewed 274 clinical histories of patients, who all presented histological confirmation of lichen planus verified by a pathologist, attending research centers in Barcelona.ResultsA total of 40 LP patients (14.59%) presented genital lesions. Of 131 patients with cutaneous LP (47.8%), the most commonly affected zones were the body’s flexor surfaces, representing 60.1% of cases. 24% of patients (n=55) related the start of the lesions with previous stress events. Of the 131 subjects with cutaneous lesions, 19% (n=25) also presented oral lichen planus (OLP). Of the total sample, 53.6% (n=147) of patients presented oral lesions. The systemic diseases most commonly associated with this patient sample were psychological problems such as stress, anxiety and depression (48%), hypertension (27%), gastric problems (12%), and diabetes (9.7%). A family history of lichen planus was found in only 2 cases (0,72%) out of the total of 274.ConclusionsAny patient with OLP should undergo a thorough history and examination to investigate potential extraoral manifestations. The fact that 37 patients with OLP in this patient series were identified with simultaneous involvement at more than one site highlights the need for thorough evaluation and multidisciplinary approaches to this disease. Key words:Oral lichen planus, extra-oral manifestations, cutaneous lichen planus, genital lichen planus.
Highlights
Lichen Planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that affects the skin, mucosa, or both
The fact that 37 patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) in this series were identified with simultaneous involvement at more than one site highlights the need for exhaustive evaluation and multidisciplinary approaches to this disease
A family history of lichen planus was found in only two patients (0.72%) out of the total of 274, one presenting both oral and genital lesions, the other with cutaneous Lichen planus (LP). i) Patients with oral lesions Of the total sample of 274 patients, 53.6% (n=147) presented oral lesions (Table 1)
Summary
Lichen Planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that affects the skin, mucosa, or both. Studies of OLP patients usually ignore extra-oral (cutaneous and/or genital) manifestations [17]. Earlier research such as Eisen (1999) [18] states that genital involvement is seen in approximately 25% of men with skin involvement, whereas the frequency in women is unknown [17,18,19]. Descriptive studies assessing a high number of Spanish population with lichen planus oral, cutaneous and genital is limited. Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the oral mucosa as well as the skin, genital mucosa and other sites. A family history of lichen planus was found in only 2 cases (0,72%) out of the total of 274
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