Cutaneous adverse events caused byimmune checkpoint inhibitors: classification and management

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have been successfully used in the treatment of multiple malignancies. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) may occur during treatment. Cutaneous adverse event (CAE) is acommon type of irAE. Mild CAEs include maculopapule, lichenoid reaction, bullous pemphigoid, vitiligo, psoriasis, and scleroderma. Severe and even life-threatening CAEs include Steven-Johnson syndromeand toxic epidermal necrolysis. Other CAEs include drug reactionwith eosinophiliaand systemic symptoms, Sweet′s syndrome, alopecia, Grover′s disease, and paraneoplastic syndrome. This paper reviews the treatment of cutaneous adverse events associated with ICPIs. Key words: immune checkpoint inhibitors; immune-related adverse events; cutaneous adverse events