Customization of the CEFM for predicting stress corrosion cracking in lightly sensitized Al–Mg alloys in marine applications

Abstract

The Coupled Environment Fracture Model (CEFM) has been modified and calibrated to predict crack growth rate (CGR) in aluminum marine alloys. The customized CEFM provided quantitative predictions of the effects of O2, electrochemical potential, stress intensity factor, and conductivity on CGR in lightly sensitized AA5083-H321 in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, as well as explaining the development of a semi-elliptical surface cracks. The importance of the properties of the external environment, such as conductivity, oxidant/reductant concentration, and the kinetics of the cathodic reactions on the surfaces external to the crack has been confirmed. Crack growth is attributed to a sequence of microfracture events at the crack front, the frequency of which is determined by the mechanical conditions that exist at the crack tip, as governed by the stress intensity while the microfracture dimension is determined by hydrogen-induced fracture, with the CGR being the product of these two quantities. The success in explaining the intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) of aluminum alloys, argues that the basic concept of the CEFM, that the internal and external environments are strongly coupled, is sound and that the CEFM, which was originally developed to describe IGSCC in sensitized stainless steels is equally applicable for describing IGSCC in lightly sensitized aluminum alloys.