Custom made innovative composite scaffold for bone regenerative medicine

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare in vitro proliferation and differentiation potentials of ProRootMTA®, RetroMTA® and EndocemZR® onhumandeciduous dental pulp cells (DPCs). Methods and materials: Four materials (ProRootMTA®, RetroMTA®, EndocemZR® and IRM®)wereprepared into round discs (8mm diameter× 1mm thickness). The prepared discs were used to test cell proliferation of human DPCs in direct contact. Extracts were obtained from the prepared discs using growth medium (according to ISO standard 10993-5:4.2.3.5). The extracts from the discs were used to test cell proliferation of human DPCs in indirect contact, pH of the materials and to evaluate the cell differentiation potential through ALP activity and Alizarin red S staining of the materials. Results: In direct contact, the proliferation of human DPCs in the ProRootMTA and RetroMTA were higher than those of Endocem ZR and IRM in 3 days. However, in indirect contact, although with slight variations according to the dilution gradient, the proliferation of humanDPCs in the EndocemZRwas generally higher than those of ProRootMTA and RetroMTA. In pH testing, Endocem ZR displayed relatively low alkalinity compared to other test materials. ALP activities of all tested materials have not been enhanced. Alizarin red staining showed that differentiation potential of all test materials was lower when compared to the osteogenic group. Conclusion: ProRootMTA, RetroMTA and Endocem ZR, despite some discrepancies between the materials, have displayed cytotoxicity and were unable to enhance proliferation or differentiation of human DPCs.