Custom and moral variability: An interpretation of part V of Smith's theory of moral sentiments

Abstract

Through a consideration of Part V of Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments , this paper investigates the differential effects of custom on morality, which depend on the social station and profession of the moral actor, and on place, time, and situation. This paper shows how Smith understands that moral sentiments develop naturally and yet are susceptible to vital forces of moral leadership (“fashion”) that can affect their development. Smith prescribes different moral actions in differing circumstances and demonstrates moral leadership in his own action. This paper argues further that Smith holds it necessary for social elites to model behaviors that are productive of freedom in society at large.