Abstract

Abstract Hydrographic measurements in the southeastern Levantine basin are analyzed, and the climatological water masses of the region and their seasonal variations are identified. We observe the formation of the salty and warm Levantine Surface Water Layer (LSW); we characterize the subsurface Atlantic Water Layer (AW); and we describe the properties of the thermocline waters, called Levantine Intermediate Waters (LIW). The baroclinic dynamical modes are computed for the climatological stratification parameters. The empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the vertical shear profiles shows that considerable energy is contained in the second EOF at the thermocline and deep levels. Maps of the baroclinic streamfunction field referred to 700 meters are displayed: 16 instantaneous flow field realizations show an intense mesoscale eddy file never revealed before in the region. The space scales of the eddies are about 100 km and a smaller scale (60–70 km) variability is also evident. The eddies are pres...

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