Abstract
The current literature data on the etiology and pathogenesis of schizophrenia were analyzed. The research method is the analysis of scientific papers on this problem over the past 5 years, presented in the databases of eLibrary, National Library of Medicine and electronic versions of the journals “World Psychiatry Journal”, “The Lancet Psychiatry”, “Schizophrenia Bulletin” and others. Genetic, neurotransmitter, psycho-traumatic, sociocultural and other theories of the origin and development of schizophrenia are analyzed in the review. Schizophrenia is a disease difficult to verify and genetically determined. According to modern theories, the occurrence of schizophrenia and the appearance of symptoms can be influenced by metabolic disorders of neurotransmitters, psycho-traumatic factors, socio-cultural aspects of human life, while the anatomical subcortical structures of the brain are damaged.
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