Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the deadliest gynaecological malignancies. The late diagnosis is frequent due to the absence of specific symptomatology and the molecular complexity of the disease, which includes a high angiogenesis potential. The first-line treatment is based on optimal debulking surgery following chemotherapy with platinum/gemcitabine and taxane compounds. During the last years, anti-angiogenic therapy and poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerases (PARP)-inhibitors were introduced in therapeutic schemes. Several studies have shown that these drugs increase the progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer, but the identification of patients who have the greatest benefits is still under investigation. In the present review, we discuss about the molecular characteristics of the disease, the recent evidence of approved treatments and the new possible complementary approaches, focusing on drug repurposing, non-coding RNAs, and nanomedicine as a new method for drug delivery.
Highlights
Anti-tumoral therapies are constantly evolving, mainly because of growing evidence about the physiopathological mechanisms involved in tumoral progression and drug resistance [1]
Results from the trial GOG 0218 show that patients with ascites treated with bevacizumab had a significant improvement in progression-free and overall survival, which was not observed in patients without ascites, suggesting that ascites predicts treatment benefit of bevacizumab in patients with advanced Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) [93]
[95], bevacizumab bevacizumab therapy therapy should should be be considered considered in this subgroup of patients
Summary
Anti-tumoral therapies are constantly evolving, mainly because of growing evidence about the physiopathological mechanisms involved in tumoral progression and drug resistance [1]. The approved treatments for ovarian cancer, one of the deadliest gynaecological malignancies, are limited and have had few changes in the last decades compared to the observed progress in therapies against other cancers [2]. Have been the most recent changes on therapeutic schemes, increasing the progression-free survival of EOC patients but with some important drawbacks. There are many proposals for complementary therapies to the existent, including other anti-angiogenic compounds, immune checkpoint inhibitors, tropomyosin receptor kinases (TRK)-inhibitors, biological compounds as non-coding RNAs, and drug repositioning, which will be reviewed .
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