Abstract
In this article, the design of a photometer circuit based on a current-to-frequency converter is presented. This circuit is a piecewise linear circuit that makes the most of feedback to ensure a linear relationship between the input photocurrent and the output frequency. Here, Proteus simulations were used to verify the performance of the proposed circuit, and the electronic simulations and the experimental results were shown to be in total agreement. The experimental results showed that the proposed circuit rejected better additive white Gaussian noise signals than the classic photometer circuit based on the transimpedance amplifier. In addition, despite that the proposed circuit is more complex than the classic one, its high linearity, noise rejection, and easy implementation make it suitable for applications where measurement precision and noise rejection are of paramount importance.
Highlights
O PTOELECTRONIC devices transform light energy into electrical energy or vice versa, connecting optical systems with electronic systems
The photometer circuits were implemented by using the TL084 operational amplifier [28], and the components used in the circuits of Figs. 3(b) and 5 were the following: Rf = 24.783kΩ, Rf1 = Rf2 = R6 = R7 = R10 = 10kΩ, Rf3 = 100kΩ, R4 = 6kΩ, R5 = 3kΩ, R8 = R11 = 1kΩ, R9 = 5kΩ, C1 = 10nF, C2 = 1000μF, L = 10mH, D is the 1N4148 diode, and Q1 and Q2 are the 2N7002K MOSFET
The aforementioned served as a starting point to try to improve the rejection to additive white Gaussian noise input disturbances that corrupt the performance of the photovoltaic mode photodiode amplifier
Summary
O PTOELECTRONIC devices transform light energy into electrical energy or vice versa, connecting optical systems with electronic systems In this way, researchers and engineers design instruments to generate, detect and/or control light in many applications of science and engineering put at the service of society. Some optoelectronic devices of great importance today are the following: solar cells, photodiodes, phototransistors, photoresistors, photomultiplier tubes, chargecoupled imaging devices, laser diodes, and light-emitting diodes, among others. These devices can be found as part of medical and military equipment, and telecommunication and automatic control systems, among others [1]–[7].
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