Current status on treatment of uterine adenosarcoma: updated literature review

Abstract

Background and Objective: Adenosarcoma is a rare subtype of uterine sarcoma, composed by a combination of a benign epithelial and a malignant, but generally low grade, mesenchymal component and it is considered the least aggressive form of its epithelial counterpart, uterine carcinosarcoma. The presence of myometrial invasion and the extent of disease outside the uterus determines the stage of disease, while the presence of sarcomatous overgrowth represents the most important histological prognostic factor, correlating with the grade of disease. Because of the extreme rarity of UAS, most available literature data arise from retrospective case series and reports, while uniform clinical guidelines are still lacking. We herein review current literature date regarding the management of this rare tumor, with emphasis on surgical and medical treatment.