Abstract
Apple integrated pest management (IPM) research and the development of apple IPM programs through transfer technology activities of Extension and Advisory personnel and Crop Consultants has been intense and continuous for over 20 years, and current apple IPM programs vary largely from one country to another and even in different regions within a country. Factors that account for these differences include the number of major and minor pests, available technology, commitment to IPM approach, and financial and personnel support for IPM research, demonstration, and implementation. This short review discusses the basic approaches for managing arthropod pests and pathogens included in current apple IPM programs.
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