Abstract
Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RAS) is one of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in the French-American-British cooperative group (FAB) classifications, and it often belongs to a relatively low-risk group of MDS. The main therapeutic goals for the usage of demethylated drugs for RAS patients are improving cytopenia, detaching from blood transfusion, and improving quality of life and prolonging survival. Decitabine (DAC) is an important demethylating drug that plays an important role in the treatment of RAS. Currently, the optimal therapeutic dose for DAC treatment of RAS is 20 mg/(m2·d). Since larger dose of DAC may cause more severe levels of myelosuppression, recently DAC has shown a decreasing trend in therapeutic dose for lower-risk MDS, which including RAS. This article summarizes the current status in pathogenesis of RAS, and the mechanisms, optimal dosage and adverse reactions of DAC treatment in RAS, in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of RAS. Key words: Myelodysplastic syndromes; Anemia, refractory; Anemia, sideroblastic; DNA methylation; Decitabine
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