Current status and related risk factors of abomasal nematodes in calves using Mini-FlOTAC as a new technique in Mosul city, Iraq

Abstract

With ongoing climatic alternation, ignoring the influence of repellent resistance, and lack of planned treatment in many countries, the intensity and impact of gastrointestinal nematodes GIN were dramatically increased. The Mini-FLOTAC method for laboratory analysis is presented in the current investigation and is initially suggested to estimate the prevalence of abomasal nematodes and related predisposing factors in calves in Mosul, Iraq. Between October 2021 to the end of April 2022, a cross-sectional study involved several areas, and 480 fecal samples were examined. Animal data, and observed clinical signs documented during sampling. The outcome of this work indicates that the total prevalence of GIN was 50.6%. The infection rate of abomasal nematodes Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., and Trichostrongylus spp. was 62.13%, 60.9%, and 54.73%, respectively. The findings related to epidemiological risk factors demonstrated that animals aged <1 year and herd size >40 were more likely to be infected with abomasal nematodes, whilst gender, origin, and zone characteristics had no significant influence. Ultimately, calves in Mosul are frequently infected with abomasal nematodes of veterinary interest (Haemonchus and Ostertagia spp.). These nematode distributions are clearly influenced by the animals' ages and the size of their herds.