Current Status and Raw Material Characteristics of Painted Pigment in used Traditional Dancheong: Focused on the National-designated Wooden Architectural Heritages in Korea

Abstract

In this study, the composition of traditional Korean Dancheong pigments existing in national-designated wooden architectural heritages was analyzed, and the current status of pigments according to the raw material characteristics used was statistically examined. As for the red pigment, Seokganju, Yeondan, Jusa had a high share, and natural and artificial inorganic pigments had a high usage rate. As for yellow pigments, organic pigments(estimated Deunghwang), Hhwangto, and gold showed a high share. In the case of organic pigments and gold, Yeonbaek was used as a based pigment to increase color development. As for the green pigment, Hayeob, Noerok, Samrok showed a high share. The Hayeob and Neorok are identified as a single raw material, but it can be seen that the Samrok is made by mixing copper oxides such as moolooite and lead-based white raw materials. Blue pigments have a lower share of pigments compared to other colors. As for the blue pigment, Guncheong, Hoecheong, and Seokcheong showed a high market share, and natural and artificial inorganic pigments accounted for the majority. In particular, it is characteristic that the use of expensive pigments such as Seokcheong and Guncheong is concentrated on the Palace Dancheong. White and black pigments have a low share in Dancheong coloring, but the white and black lines play a very important role in the perfection of Dancheong. It can be seen that the white pigment has a high share of Baekto(white clay) and Yeonbaek, and is used not only for coloring but also as a based pigment for color pigments. Most of the black pigment is made up of more than 95% organic raw material containing carbon as its main component, and it shows various aspects depending on the lower pigment layer. Through this, it was confirmed based on on-site analysis data of wooden architectural heritage that the color pigment used in Dancheong had a higher percentage of use of inorganic pigments and that the use rate of natural inorganic pigments was higher than that of artificial synthetic pigments in inorganic pigments.