CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF SHELTERS FOR PEOPLE SUFFERED FROM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Abstract

The article analyses domestic experience in the design and construction of shelters for domestic violence victims and the possibility of new construction. The directors of Ukrainian shelters and hotline managers were interviewed. The existing shelters for mothers and children were analysed, the main architectural and planning features were determined. Domestic and foreign scientific works were analysed. The research topic is relevant due to the social need of shelters for domestic violence victims. Currently, such institutions are to be established as more and more cases of domestic violence are being recorded every day, therefore the shelter can become the «island» for protection, safety, rehabilitation and assistance. A modern shelter for people suffering from domestic violence is a conceptually new type of social housing. The main difference between shelters and crisis rooms is the time of stay, comfort and security levels. The time spent in crisis rooms is 7-10 days, in shelters - 1-3 months, if necessary, it can be 6 months. Crisis rooms are equipped with individual accommodation for each person or family in a difficult life situation and look like mini-apartments with their own bedroom, small kitchen and bathroom. In shelters, most often, it is one common room for two people, a shared kitchen-dining room and a bathroom with shower. These differences significantly affect the architectural and planning organization of each institution. The study revealed that shelters in Ukraine are usually part of other social structures, only a few operate as separate institutions. Most often they occupy one wing of a one-storey house, or one of the floors of a two-storey building. Shelters provide assistance with housing, food, recreational sites for children, legal, psychological, rehabilitative and, if necessary, medical assistance. The vast majority of shelters are located in the central part of the city. The purpose of this study is to identify the best features in the architectural and planning organization of such institutions in Ukraine.