Current Status and Challenges of the Ecological Environment of Wuliangsuhai Basin in China

Abstract

Lake ecological security refers to maintaining the integrity and ecological health of the lake ecosystem under the influence of human activities, providing humans with stable ecological service functions, and preventing ecological catastrophes. In the lake ecosystem, lakes are the main body, and their water ecological health is the basis of system security. Therefore, the ecological safety and health of lakes are investigated, and the multi-faceted evaluation system of lake ecological safety is established, which can provide decision-making basis for lake management and pollution control. It is of great significance for the sustainable management of lake ecosystem and the rational utilization of resources to coordinate the environmental, social and economic benefits of relevant departments. Wuliangsuhai Lake is the largest natural wetland in the same latitude area in the world, and the eighth largest freshwater lake in China. It is the most typical shallow-water grass-algae lake in the arid area of Inner Mongolia. It is an important water conservation, storage, and water transfer site in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River. It is also a large grass-algae lake with biological diversity and ecological function, which is extremely rare in desert and semi-desert areas in the world. This article briefly introduces the main ecological and environmental problems and their causes in the Wuliangsuhai Basin.