Abstract
The field of ventricle tissue engineering is focused on bioengineering highly functioning left ventricles that can be used as model systems for basic cardiology research and for cardiotoxicity testing. In this article, we review the current state of the art in the field of ventricle tissue engineering and discuss different strategies that have been used to bioengineer ventricles. Based on this body of literature, there are now common themes in the field that provide guidance for future directives, also presented in this article.
Highlights
The field of ventricle tissue engineering is focused on bioengineering highly functioning left ventricles that can be used as model systems for basic cardiology research and for cardiotoxicity testing
Neonatal ventricular rat myocytes (NVRMs) are used for initial proof-of-concept studies and model development and validation efforts, while induced pluripotentent stem cellderived CMs are used for clinical studies
The first study described the fabrication of an open ventricle mold, the second study described a novel 2-stage cellularization strategy, the third study described the use of bioreactors, and the fourth study included valves to complete the left ventricle model
Summary
The field of ventricle tissue engineering is focused on bioengineering highly functioning left ventricles that can be used as model systems for basic cardiology research and for cardiotoxicity testing. We review the current state of the art in the field of ventricle tissue engineering and discuss different strategies that have been used to bioengineer ventricles. Based on this body of literature, there are common themes in the field that provide guidance for future directives, presented in this article. Reviewed by: David Sedmera, Charles University, Czechia Sanjiv Dhingra, University of Manitoba, Canada.
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