Current state and future trends of power batteries in new energy vehicles

Abstract

With the rate of adoption of new energy vehicles, the manufacturing industry of power batteries is swiftly entering a rapid development trajectory. The current construction of new energy vehicles encompasses a variety of different types of batteries. This article offers a summary of the evolution of power batteries, which have grown in tandem with new energy vehicles, oscillating between decline and resurgence in conjunction with industrial advancements, and have continually optimized their performance characteristics up to the present. The main body of this text is dedicated to presenting the working principles and performance features of four primary power batteries: lead-storage batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, fuel cells, and lithium-ion batteries, and introduces their current application status and future development prospects. In conclusion, this piece identifies technical obstacles that need to be urgently overcome in the future of new energy vehicle power batteries and anticipates future development trends and emerging battery technologies in current research and development.