Current state and economic efficiency of ameliorative farming in the Republic of Tatarstan under conditions of climate aridity growth

Abstract

The review article is devoted to the analysis and assessment of the impact of climate change on the efficiency of agricultural commodity production in the Republic of Tatarstan and ameliorative measures to overcome its negative impact on the performance of the agrarian sphere. Studies of agrometeorological data for 1900–2021 testify to the impending growth of climate aridity in the region. The analysis of modern conditions of meliorative industry development and its economic efficiency has shown that 1.5% of arable land area under irrigation allows to produce up to 18% of crop production in the republic, which certainly indicates a high degree of its efficiency. It has been established that the natural-climatic potential of the republic allows to bring the scale of irrigation reclamation up to four hundred thousand hectares, and to guarantee the need of the Republic of Tatarstan in foodstuffs of own production it is necessary to bring the volume of irrigated lands up to 150 thousand hectares, which allows to speak about the high export potential of the republic. High efficiency of land reclamation measures and existing measures of state support unfortunately do not provide its implementation in production activity of agrarian business entities due to the need for preliminary overly bureaucratized survey works, approvals for obtaining design and estimate documentation (DED). The scientific and substantiated measures of land reclamation industry development are proposed, contributing to the preservation and restoration of soil fertility, water resources, reducing the loss of agricultural land area, a multiple increase in the economic efficiency of agricultural production.