Abstract
Water is essential for human life, the socio-economic improvement of the state and the protection of its natural environment. Senegal has a rich and diversified hydrological potential, most of whose surface water reserves are located in the basins of the Senegal and Gambia rivers and in groundwater. Unfortunately, water resources can be threatened by anthropogenic actions of various origins and by the adverse effects of climate change. This article aims to analyze the current state of water resources, water problems and prospects for the sustainable development of water resources in Senegal. Information is collected from secondary sources and available statistics (books and the Internet). The results show the importance of Senegal's water resources potential (in terms of surface and groundwater), water resources that are often severely deteriorated due to pollution, agricultural activities and the rised water demand from the population. This degradation is likely to worsen with population growth, development and climate change. For example, the Senegalese government has been conducting a water control policy for several decades aimed at providing the various sectors with water in sufficient quantity and of appropriate quality according to custom to accelerate development balanced. There are several policies and actions for the formulation of rules and regulations on the general use of water. To be in line with the sustainable development goals (SDG), including SDG 6, Senegal is committed to the sustainable management of water resources to ensure universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all population by 2030.
Highlights
The combined effects of population growth, rising incomes and expanding cities will lead to an exponential increase in water demand, while the supply of the resource will become more erratic and uncertain (Camara and Bangoura, 2017)
These results show the evolution of the country towards a situation of water stress first and towards a situation of water shortage
Senegal has many problems and challenges related to water. These problems and challenges are likely to worsen with population growth, socio-economic development and climate change
Summary
Freshwater is a vital resource for life. It is essential for the survival of natural ecosystems and the development of human activities. Water was considered inexhaustible wealth that each user could own and exploit according to their needs (Honegger and Tabarly, 2011). Men, to satisfy their vital needs, use water for their different economic activities. In the face of these multiple problems that do not guarantee the sustainability of water resources and the environment, water resources are increasingly limited and vulnerable (Sinarinzi, 2010) They are limited by various factors such as climatic conditions, the unequal distribution of rainfall, the shared nature of the resource between states with often different policies, the strong demographic pressure, the low water control. In order to cope with them and establish a rational management of water resources, the assessment of water availability is a fundamental step
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
