Current range and status of the Iberian lynx Felis pardina Temminck, 1824 in Spain

Abstract

The current distribution of the Iberian lynx Felis pardina is outlined and its population size in Spain estimated at about 95% of its world range. There are 48 separate breeding areas, generally small in size. In addition, 32 non-breeding areas have been located, and 50 areas where lynx presence is uncertain, some associated with, and others separated from, breeding areas. A major part of the range supports low lynx densities. Range fragmentation is the most noteworthy feature of the distribution pattern, although dispersal might link some adjacent nuclei. Nine genetically isolated populations are recognized, although probably only two, accounting for about 70% of the total population, are viable in the short term. The Spanish population size is estimated at about 1100 individuals, with fewer than 350 reproductive females. The risks arising from this situation are analysed and conservation policies proposed.