Abstract
The demand for high performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is increasing due to widespread use of portable devices and electric vehicles. Silicon (Si) is one of the most attractive candidate anode materials for next generation LIBs. However, the high-volume change (>300%) during lithium ion alloying/de-alloying leads to poor cycle life. When Si is used as the anode, conductive carbon is needed to provide the necessary conductivity. However, the traditional carbon coating method could not overcome the challenges of pulverization and unstable Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) layer during long-term cycling. Since 2010, Si/Graphene composites have been vigorously studied in hopes of providing a material with better cycling performance. This paper reviews current progress of Si/Graphene nanocomposites in LIBs. Different fabrication methods have been studied to synthesize Si/Graphene nanocomposites with promising electrochemical performances. Graphene plays a key enabling role in Si/Graphene anodes. However, the desired properties of graphene for this application have not been systematically studied and understood. Further systematic investigation of the desired graphene properties is suggested to better control the Si/Graphene anode performance.
Highlights
Carbon coating has been vigorously studied for many energy sources such as solar cells, fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) [1,2,3]
Carbon precursors are introduced to the surface of active material and calcinated at an elevated temperature to acquire the final product coated by layers of carbon
It was clear that even though much effort has been amount of work done in this material, a review on the state of the art of Si/Graphene nanocomposite investing in theissynthesis of Si/Graphene the exact working of anode certainly desirable
Summary
Carbon coating has been vigorously studied for many energy sources such as solar cells, fuel cells and LIBs [1,2,3]. In addition to its 10 times capacity increase when compared to graphite, Si has a lower, more favorable discharging potential of about 0.3 V vs Li/Li+ , which is very close to lithium metal [14,16] This low potential results in a high-power battery since the greater voltage difference between cathode and anode, theCurrently, more power theoffull cell can deliver. The main challenges that prevent Si-based anode from replacing graphite anode are the huge surface area, which allowsduring for low charge transfer resistance and benefits thelow rate of the lithiation volume expansion lithiation processes, slow lithium diffusion rate, and electronic conductivity. Nanosized Si-based anode has a very high materials have been explored for performance These carbon forms surface area, which allows forhigh low charge transfer resistance and benefits the rate of the lithiation and delithiation processes. Since 2010, the number of scientific publications on Si/Graphene anode has been steadily the years. increasing
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