Current Progress of 3D Bioprinting of Cardiac Tissues

Abstract

Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Heart transplants are used when treating end-stage heart disease. The main problem faced by heart transplantation is the scarcity of donors. Therefore, finding a way to replace the donor heart remains a major medical challenge. In recent years, 3D bioprinting has often been used in tissue engineering, and it has achieved results in the preparation of many types of human tissues. Therefore, it is regarded as a promising method for alleviating donor heart scarcity. In this article, we summarize the current research progress of 3D bioprinting of cardiac tissue, and after introducing several 3D bioprinting methods, bioinks, and 3D bioprinting steps for heart tissue, we proposed our perspectives on 3D bioprinting, discussed several current challenges, and analysed the future of development.