Current problems of rural population mortality in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Currently, the problem of mortality of the population is particularly relevant in Russia, especially in rural areas, as one of the reasons for which is the low level of availability of medical care. The purpose of the study is to analyze the causes of high mortality of the rural population of the Russian Federation and develop a set of measures aimed at reducing this indicator. The main materials were official statistics, modern sources of literature, regulatory documents. The methods of the conducted research included: informational-analytical, statistical, bibliographic. Statistical processing was carried out using software packages SPSS, Excel-2007. The analysis in 2017–2020 revealed an increase in the mortality rate of the Russian population in both urban and rural areas. Among the causes of deaths of rural residents in 2020, compared with 2019, there was an increase in almost all classes of diseases, except for deaths due to injuries and poisoning. At the same time, the probable reasons for the growth of these indicators in rural areas may be: low availability of medical care, lack of resource provision, the composition of the age structure of the rural population and demographic aging of the population in rural areas, migration processes. The results obtained reflect the particular importance of the problem of mortality of the rural population and can be used in the development of regional programs for demographic development of territories and subjects of the Russian Federation.